"A Scene with A Red Bird" is a fable that depicts
Japan's civil society after World War II. The story centers around
a blind woman and her younger brother, who decide to work off their
parents' debt after their suicide but are suppressed by a committee
which had been formed to investigate the parents' suicides. The
woman's devotion to the debt brings anxiety to the townspeople
who hope for nothing but a quiet, undisturbed life. This makes
her a "red bird" -- a symbol of danger or a red light
to a society that is unable to face its collective guilt.
The play begins with a funeral scene after the suicide of the
parents. A Traveler appears at the funeral who claims to have loaned
money to the parents. He is questioned by a Man from the Committee.
The Blind Woman recalls the day that Traveler visited their house:
her parents were acting extremely awkwardly, while the Traveler
should have been treated as a honored guest.
Blind Woman, her Brother and the town people visit a town where
the committee is holding a carnival and the population is marched
around in ridiculous rituals, wearing conical hats. (The play was
written in the late '60s, when the quality of life for the Japanese
was improving, but issues of a "controlled society" started
to be argued.) There the traveler has been arrested and tells of
his lonely life story: he started his money lending business because
he wanted to be close to people. He offers to dissolve the Parents'
debt if the blind woman will marry him. The Blind Woman rejects
the offer and chooses to work off the debt. The Brother, finding
himself unable to work, becomes a thief and murderer and dies in
a jailbreak attempt. Upon losing her younger brother, the Blind
Woman declares in her final statement, "Even if I can only
eat half as much, I'm going to pay back the debt. I think that,
the important thing is not that I pay off the debt, but I keep
paying back . . ."
The metaphors of this plot are not immediately obvious. The debt
symbolizes what the society of Japan owes to Korea for crimes during
World War II. The Blind Woman and her brother symbolize youth,
which can accept the obligation to work for forgiveness. The committee
represents society at large, for whom moral issues fall away in
times of prosperity. The parents are the Japanese people, whose
awkwardness with a guest in their house stands for Japanese society's
awkwardness with foreigners. The play was presented in Seoul as
part of a series of plays commemorating the Japan-Korea Friendship
Year 2005. Japanese theater critic Eisuke Shichiji wrote, "Over
forty years ago, Betsuyaku had shown the fear
of the post-war society that failed to take responsibility. Then
I understood why Mr. Kiyama chose this piece to present in Korea."
Minoru Betsuyaku is a driving force behind postwar
contemporary drama, who pioneered underground theater in Japan.
He has been regarded as a leading "playwright
as thinker" and social critic since the late '60s, when he
won the Kishida Kunio award (equivalent to the American Tony) for "Matchiuri
no shojo" and "Akai tori no iru fukei" in
1968. While Yukio Mishima was notorious for identifying with the
far right in Japanese politics in the '60s, Betsuyaku was almost
as notorious for helping to define the far left. In his early career,
Betsuyaku was much inspired by Ionesco and Beckett, to whom he
is frequently compared. He is Japan's leading playwright of the
Theater of the Absurd.
Betsuyaku's works have been recognized for the brilliant structure
of dialogue and unique sense of humor, which boldly criticize modern
society. "A Scene With A Red Bird" won the 13th annual
Kishida award in 1967, when Betsuyaku was 29 years old. It is one
of his early masterpieces, yet it is seldom staged. Betsuyaku's
plays deal with man's larger problems--his own being and his relationship
to the cosmos. Titles include "Soshite dare mo inakunatta" ("And
Then There Were None"), which uses the plot and the characters
of Agatha Christie's "Ten Little Indians" but sets the
action in the world of Beckett's "Waiting for Godot," and
executes each "little Indian" for something he does after
he dies. Among his other plays that may be accessible to Americans
are "The Little Match Girl," based on the Hans Christian
Andersen story, and "I'm Not Her," a simple play posing
a mating problem that is as likely to arise in Topeka as Tokyo.
These have been translated by Robert N. Lawson of Washburn University
in Topeka,KS but to-date, no plays by Betsuyaku have been produced
in New York.
K. Kiyama (director) is the artistic name of Kiyoshi Kiyama,
the Japanese producer who, as an enthusiastic fan of Betsuyaku,
has produced his plays numerous times. Kiyama made his directing
debut with the masterpiece "A Scene With A Red Bird" in
March, 2004 under the name "K. Kiyama," receiving highly
favorable reviews for productions in Tokyo and Seoul, Korea (December
`05). This September, the production will have a four-week run
at Shin-Kokuritsu Theater, Tokyo.
Kiyama Theatre Productions was founded in 1980, by Kiyoshi Kiyama
and notable Japanese theater personages including Minoru Betsuyaku,
Masakazu Yamazaki, Toshifumi Sueki and Noburo Nakamura. Its award-winning
productions have toured internationally, including "Kanadehon
Hamlet" by Harue Tsutsumi, a backstage comedy in which a 19th
century kabuki troupe’s attempt to stage Shakespeare becomes
a director’s nightmare (New York-La MaMa, 1997; London and
Moscow); "Gen" by Keiji Nakazawa, an autobiographical
musical built around the atomic bombing of Hiroshima, (1999 New
York-Kaye Playhouse, Seoul, and Poland) and "Sentaku" by
Harue Tsutsumi, based on the trial of a third-generation, Japan-born
Korean pianist who refused to be fingerprinted at the airport and
was not allowed to enter Japan (2005, Kinpo, Japan and Seoul).
The company's mission is to protect the quality of traditional
Japanese theater, and to search for the new realism in modern theater.
Its main repertoire is works by Japan's legendary playwrights,
but includes some works include plays by Shakespeare and Checkhov
and some modern plays and musicals.
The company's reviews in New York to-date have been most flattering,
but the short runs have left the reviewers cryin' for more. The
New York Times (Lawrence Van Gelder), reviewing "Gen" during
its "brief but meritorious five-performance run" in 1999,
called it an "engrossing, well-acted, touching and horrific
plea for peace" which was "powerful and intriguing despite
the absence of the production's normal sets, costumes and props,
stranded by snow in Chicago." "Kanadehon Hamlet," unvexed
by blizzards, had a lush production in La MaMa's Annex Theater
two winters before. The Village Voice (Deborah Jowitt) deemed it
an "exciting production," praising it as a "full-blooded
drama that deals with traditional Kabuki themes of idealism and
what corrupts and undermines it, of dishonor and lessons learned." The
review praised the acting as splendid and lamented the shortness
of the run, five performances. During both previous productions
and now, Kiyama Productions' NY tours have been limited due to
funding difficulties.
This play is presented by a company of 15 actors and a crew of 25.
The live translation is written by Masako Hashimoto. |